Thessaloniki metro unearths its glorious past

The metro construction in Greece’s city of Thessaloniki has brought ancient ruins from the city’s life back in the 4th century BC to the surface.

The excavation has brought to light Thessaloniki’s central 6th-century highway, a marble plaza, a fountain as well as a headless statue of Aphrodite.

Thousands of ancient discoveries such as coins, mosaics and statues have also been uncovered.

“Thessaloniki is unique in that from its foundation in the 4th century BC until today there is city under a city,” Tania Protopsalti, an archaeologist told Greek Reporter.

The city of Thessaloniki was founded in 315 BC by Cassander of Macedon. A significant metropolis by the Roman period, Thessaloniki was the second largest and wealthiest city of the Byzantine Empire. It was conquered by the Ottomans in 1430, and passed from the Ottoman Empire to Greece on Nov. 8, 1912.

Most of the findings relate to the Byzantine era. Nevertheless, Protopsalti says that, as excavations continue, new findings from the Roman era come to the surface.

“Eventually we hope to reach the remnants of the city when it was founded in the Cassander-era,” the Greek archaeologist noted.

She added that some wall paintings and small sections of floor mosaics from the 4th century BC have already been unearthed.

The excavations, filling in gaps in the city’s long history for archaeologists, have focused on the site of Hagia Sophia where a central metro station is being constructed.

It was there where a central 6th-century highway and marble plaza, two of the most exciting finds, were found.

“The discovery of the marble plaza located south of the central highway gave us an invaluable insight into the urban planning in the 6th century,” archaeologist Stavroula Tzevreni told Greek Reporter.

The marbles have been carefully removed to be reinstated when the metro works are concluded at Hagia Sophia.

Impressive buildings adorned by mosaics

The square was surrounded by impressive buildings adorned by mosaics that remain in good condition.

They were found in the south entrance of the station Hagia Sophia and are believed to be part of an almost 315 square meter urban villa dated to the first half of the 4th century AD to the 5th century AD.

Decoration of the mosaic floors consists of geometric patterns, while one includes a central medallion, probably depicting Aphrodite.

The mosaics will be extracted, cleaned and exhibited at the same station they were excavated in.

At the southeast end of the square archaeologists discovered a 15-metre (nearly 50-foot) fountain structure believed to be one of the largest in the Roman world.

Alongside the stone-paved highway, the Decumanus Maximus, the remains of mud-bricked workshops were uncovered where jewellers plied their trade — as they still do today, in blocks of flats over the subway dig.

Scheduled to be operational by late 2020, the €1.5-billion ($1.7 billion) Thessaloniki metro will at first have 13 stations and run a distance of 9.6 kilometres (six miles).

A future expansion is programmed to include the city airport.

Read more at greekreporter.com

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